witches' butter scientific name

The Best Witch Movies Of All Time (That You Can Watch Right This Second) Here’s Everything You Need To Know About Setting Up Your Witch Altar For Spells, Meditation, And More. Exidia nigricans is a wood-rotting species, typically found on dead attached branches of a wide range of broadleaf trees. These fungi are so named because their foliose, irregularly branched fruiting body is, or appears to be, the consistency of jelly. In Sweden, it is apparently known as "Troll smör" ("Troll's butter") for the same reason. Tremella mesenterica (common names include yellow brain, golden jelly fungus, yellow trembler, and witches' butter[2]) is a common jelly fungus in the family Tremellaceae of the Agaricomycotina. Of Witches, Butter, Breasts, & Sex. Exidia nigricans (common name Witches' butter) is a jelly fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. Trees-Acacia. Scientific Name: Agrimonia eupatoria Common Names: Common agrimony, church steeples or sticklewort Family: Rosaceae Part Used: Aerial parts Habitat: Agrimony is native to Europe, but can also be found in temperate climate in most parts of the Northern hemisphere. Fruits + Chicago Hardy … The fruit body is gelatin-like but tough when wet, and hard when dry. In British Columbia, Canada, it is sometimes found on maple, poplar, or pine, but is most abundant on red alder. Jeana Jorgensen Leave a comment. Puberty usually marks the onset of spellcasting abilities in this race of hereditary magic users. Eventually Witches split into many different cultures and became the variety of Magic users on Earth today. Exidia plana Donk (1966). [5], Exidia nigricans forms dark sepia to blackish, rubbery-gelatinous fruit bodies that are button-shaped and around 2 cm (0.79 in) across. The conidia are roughly spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoid, and about 2.0–3.0 by 2.0–2.5 µm. It is most frequently found on dead but attached and on recently fallen branches, especially of angiosperms, as a parasite of wood decay fungi in the genus Peniophora. Amazon.com: Butter Witch (Torrent Witches Cozy Mysteries #1) (9781547164295): Lake, Tess: Books Although generally jelly-like, when in very dry weather, it becomes crusty and can sometimes look like a completely different fungus. [4], The fruit body has an irregular shape, and usually breaks through the bark of dead branches. It is sometimes used by singers to gargle with. All Witches descend from the very first Witches, Silas Balcoin and his two children Dahlia and Christopher Blackwell, the progenitor of all werewolf, Vampires and Hybrids. [4], Tremella foliacea is usually a warmer, lighter brown, but can sometimes be dark sepia to black. How anyone could think such a lovely creature was the Devil’s helper is beyond me! Cap: Yellow-orange in colour but a rusty orange when dried. Scientific Name Exidia glandulosa Authority Bull. The British have a more sinister view; the excrescences of the English woodlands called Witches’ Butter are black in color. The spores, viewed in mass, are whitish or pale yellow. This list contains the names of all the witches who have appeared in the series. This name generator will give you 10 random names fit for good witches, evil witches and everything in between. We were familiar with the White Jelly Fungus or Silver Ear (Tremella fuciformis) , but … [23] Each mating type secretes a mating pheromone that elicits sexual differentiation of the target cell having the opposite mating type to the pheromone-producing cell. The fruit bodies dry to a dark reddish or orange. Irregular in shape with lobes that are slimy and tough when wet, but harden as it dries out. [3] Occasionally, T. mesenterica and its host fungus are found fruiting together. [7], Tremella mesenterica may also be confused with members of the family Dacrymycetaceae, like Dacrymyces chrysospermus (formerly D. palmatus), due to their superficial resemblance. Hi Andy, It's in its dehydrated form here whichever it is. The scientific name of Butter Daisy is the botanical name or formal name. It appears as a gelatinous mass through the bark of decaying wood. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Exidia nigricans (common name Witches' butter) is a jelly fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. Yellow Wild Indigo. The structural similarity of the polysaccharides from the two species suggested a phylogenetic relationship between them. [7] The fungus grows parasitically on the mycelium of wood-rotting corticioid fungi in the genus Peniophora. Pratia. Within a few days after rain it dries into a thin film or shriveled mass capable of reviving after subsequent rain. Tremella mesenterica is extremely widespread occurring at elevations up to 1420 meters in Northern Europe, Taiwan, Japan, China, North America and Australia. Microscopically, T. aurantia has smaller basidia and smaller, differently shaped spores measuring 8.5–10 by 7–8.5 µm. Fruit bodies of T. aurantia contain unclamped, thick-walled host hyphae and consequently retain their shape when dried, rather than shriveling or collapsing to a film (as in T. mesenterica). In the USA the genus Exidiais placed under the family Auriculariaceae rather than, as in Britain, Exidiaceae. Formation of the mating tube, initiated by the pheromones A-10 and a-13, is similar to the process of bud emergence during bipolar budding in yeasts. Common Name: Jelly Brain Fungus, Witch's Butter Scientific Name: Tremella mesenterica . This fungus occurs widely in deciduous and mixed forests and is widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions that include Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North and South America. Witch’s Butter Description. Donk, M.A. (1798) [32][33], "Biodiversity and systematics of basidiomycetous yeasts as determined by large-subunit rDNA D1/D2 domain sequence analysis", https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/178907#page/277/mode/1up, "Structure of tremerogen-a-10, a peptidal hormone inducing conjugation tube formation in, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tremella_mesenterica&oldid=1000364748, Wikipedia articles with MycoBank identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 14 January 2021, at 20:26. Volume and Page 2:224 Publication Year 1822 Description Bar Code 39019 Determiner D. Richter Host Habitat On Alnus stem Guide Author Miller, O. K. Jr. General Habitat On hardwood branches DNA Available No Season Spring … (1966). Witches are female spellcasters, the flip side of the coin to sorcerers. The sexual differentiation is characterized by the arrest of the growth in the G1 phase of the cell division cycle and subsequent formation of an elongated mating tube. [13], The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are ellipsoid to roughly spherical in shape, not or rarely stalked, and typically 15–21 µm wide. Besides the names of pure witches, there are also subspecies, such as gypsies and the Phoenix. It is most frequently found on dead but attached and on recently fallen branches, especially of angiosperms, as a parasite of wood decay fungi in the genus Peniophora. The individual fruitbodies are each attached to the wood at the base. Serrano Pepper. The fruitbodies occur in clusters and quickly coalesce to form effused, irregular masses 10 cm (3.9 in) or more across. 21 Comments. [6], The microscopic characters are typical of the genus Exidia. Tremella lutescens Pers. The two are similar, but E. glandulosa produces discrete, top-shaped fruitbodies that rarely if ever coalesce. (sorry, couldn’t resist) As a folklorist, I encounter a lot of intersections between folklore and sex. [6] It is the type species of the genus Tremella. The species was originally described from Sweden as Helvella mesenterica by the naturalist Jacob Christian Schäffer in 1774. They are indistinguishable microscopically, but DNA research indicates they are distinct. [27] In 1966, Slodki reported discovering an acidic polysaccharide from haploid cells of T. mesenterica that closely resembled those produced by the species Cryptococcus laurentii. "[20], Tremella mesenterica is frequently confused with Tremella aurantia, a widespread species parasitic on the plant pathogenic fungus Stereum hirsutum. Witches butter..? [24] Tremerogen A-10 has been purified and its chemical structure found to be S-polyisoprenyl peptide. It can be found in North America and in many places in Europe. (1832) This fungus develops on dead pine trees whose bark has fallen away. They may be so numerous that young fruit bodies may be covered in a bright yellow, conidial slime. It persists for some while on fallen branches and logs. Though the two species are similarly colored, the surface of T. aurantia is usually matte, not greasy or shiny, and its lobes or folds are thicker than those of T. mesenterica. Because of the superstitions surrounding butterflies and witches, butterflies were linked to the Devil. The spores are broadly ellipsoid to oblong, on average 10.0–16.0 by 6.0–9.5 µm; they germinate by germ tube or by yeast-like conidia of identical form to the conidia produced on the conidiophores. Read on for some of the most bewitching witch names ever worn by those who ride broomsticks. International code for botanical nomenclature, Weiss, M & Oberwinkler, F. (2001). If you’re looking for a real-life witch, then Sybil is a great name to go with. Family Tremellaceae Genus Exidia Species glandulosa Common Name Witches Butter Publication Place Syst. This analysis included 20 of the estimated 120 Tremella species. Texas Redbud. Phylogenetic relationships in, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exidia_nigricans&oldid=996347558, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 December 2020, at 01:49. This list focuses on witch names perfectly wearable for a real girl, magical powers not required. Big leaf Maple. Check list of European hymenomycetous heterobasidiae. [7] Its distinctive appearance has led the species to accumulate a variety of common names, including "yellow trembler",[8] "yellow brain", "golden jelly fungus", and "witches' butter", although this latter name is also applied to Exidia glandulosa. Crookneck Squash. [6], Exidia nigricans and E. glandulosa are frequently confused. [4], Both Dillenius (1741) and Withering (1776) gave the English name for this species as "Witches' butter",[3] though this name has subsequently also been applied to other gelatinous fungi, including Exidia glandulosa and the yellow Tremella mesenterica. Exidia applanata Schwein. [13], Tremella mesenterica has a yeastlike phase in its life cycle that arises as a result of budding of basidiospores. Scientific Name and Common Name; Kingdom: Plantae – Plants Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants Class s… [30] The polysaccharide, known as glucuronoxylomannan—produced by fruit bodies and in pure culture conditions—has been shown to consist of a mannan backbone that is glycosylated with xylan chains in a regular repeating structure. To The Men Who Burned Witches. Taste: Not distinctive/flavourless. Perhaps based on the old notion that the insects (or, according to Grimm, witches disguised as butterflies) consume butter … (1774) Get our newsletter every Friday! The fungus that we know as Witches' Butter was originally described in 1789 by the French naturalist Jean Baptiste Francois (Pierre) Bulliard, who gave it the scientific name Tremella glandulosa. Scientific name: Tremella mesenterica Location: Tropical regions that include Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North and South America About the Fungus: Sticking with edible fungi that look inedible, here is Witches' Butter . [3] The gelatinous, orange-yellow fruit body of the fungus, which can grow up to 7.5 cm (3.0 in) diameter, has a convoluted or lobed surface that is greasy or slimy when damp. [5] It was later (1822) sanctioned by Elias Magnus Fries in the second volume of his Systema Mycologicum. Agrimony tea is soothing and good for sore throats. Stream ad-free or purchase CD's and MP3s now on Amazon.com. [19] In China, the fungus is used by vegetarians to prepare "an immunomodulating cooling soup with lotus seed, lily bulbs, jujube, etc. A small orange jelly fungus Dacrymyces palmatus (witches butter) Morgan often went head to head with Merlin. Tremella mesenterica (common names include yellow brain, golden jelly fungus, yellow trembler, and witches' butter ) is a common jelly fungus in the family Tremellaceae of the Agaricomycotina. It grows in crevices in bark, appearing during rainy weather. jamieharrop 2013-02-21T21:58:00+00:00 February 21st, 2013 | 0 Comments. Witches come in all sorts of different types, and while some names might fit an evil witch better than a good witch, I've decided to keep them all together in one generator rather than splitting them up with separate buttons. No Comments Alison February 21, 2013 at 10:18 pm - Reply. The species typically fruits in autumn and winter. Then in 1822 the great Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries transferred this species to the genus Exidia, but … I’m so glad you asked! Witch Pictures And Photos That Are Elegant/Spooky. Exceptions do exist, as Savannah was able to spellcast quite young. The gelatinous, orange-yellow fruit body of the fungus, which can grow up to 7.5 cm (3.0 in) diameter, has a convoluted or lobed surface that is greasy … These Are The 16 Types Of Witches Creating Magic All Around You. Although considered bland and flavorless, the fungus is edible. Suggest ID … Edibility: While considered edible [2.] The basidia are ellipsoid, septate, 15-25 × 8-13 µm. She was a powerful witch and enchantress who oversaw Avalon. The taxonomy of this jelly fungus is unclear, and some authorities still place it in the order Tremellales. Tremella aurantia can often be recognized by the presence of its host, which typically grows on logs, stumps, and trunks. by Karen. Tremella mesenterica usually goes by the common name “Witch’s Butter,” but some people know it as “Yellow Brain Fungus.” The scientific name Tremella mesenterica translates to “trembling middle intestines.” Spore color: White or pale yellow colored. [14][26] Fruit bodies are formed during wet periods throughout the year. Some species, like this one, are edible. Jelly fungi are a paraphyletic group of several heterobasidiomycete fungal orders from different classes of the subphylum Agaricomycotina: Tremellales, Dacrymycetales, Auriculariales and Sebacinales. Its fruitbodies are gelatinous, but usually foliaceous (with flattish lobes or fronds) and never have warts or pegs on the surface. The alternation between asexual and sexual propagation is achieved by mating of yeast-form haploid cells of two compatible mating types. Asexual reproduction in T. mesenterica is carried out through the formation of spores called conidia, which arise from conidiophores—specialized hyphal cells that are morphologically distinct from the somatic hyphae. Home. butterfly (n.) common name of any lepidopterous insect active in daylight, Old English buttorfleoge, evidently butter (n.) + fly (n.), but the name is of obscure signification. It is up to 7.5 cm (3.0 in) broad and 2.5 to 5.0 cm (1.0 to 2.0 in) high, rounded to variously lobed or brain-like in appearance. [31] Laboratory tests have associated a number of biological activities with T. mesenterica glucuronoxylomannan, including immunostimulatory,antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective, and antiallergic effects. Mycol. Hi Andy, It could be Witches Butter or maybe Exidia plana as it looks like it covered quite a large area. The spores are allantoid (sausage-shaped), 14-19 × 4.5-5.5 µm. It is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, including North America and Europe. [12], Based on molecular analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 regions of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer regions of rRNA, T. mesenterica is most closely related to T. coalescens, T. tropica, and T. brasiliensis. The species was originally described from England as Tremella nigricans by Withering in 1776, based on a phrase name published by Dillenius in 1741. ex Fr. Comments + Add Comment Be the first to comment. [28] Subsequently, researchers chemically synthesized the polysaccharide,[29] and determined the chemical identities of the component sugar units. [25] Fruit bodies arise from a primordium located beneath the wood bark, and sometimes more than one fruit body can originate separately from the same primordia. -----Black Witches Butter is a jelly fungus, just like the similarly named Gold Witches Butter. Elaphocordyceps ophioglossoides —in case you didn’t know—is a species of fungus, and while its scientific name is certainly elegant, it doesn’t exactly roll off the tongue. Okay, folks, let’s talk about witch butter. Witches from a 15th century German woodcut. [14], Although some have claimed the fungus to be inedible[12] or merely "non-poisonous",[11] most other sources agree that it is edible[15][16] but flavorless. Fictional witches have worn so many fantastic names. Steve Blacksmith February 23, 2013 at 9:41 pm - Reply. It is a common, wood-rotting species throughout the northern hemisphere, typically growing on dead attached branches of broadleaf trees. Which witch butter? [9] The specific epithet is a Latin adjective formed from the Ancient Greek word μεσεντεριον (mesenterion), "middle intestine", from μεσο- (meso-, "middle, center") and εντερον (enteron, "intestine"), referring to its shape. Witches’ souls would appear in the form of the butterfly, which is probably why they were thought to steal butter! It … Helvella mesenterica Schaeff. [1] Changes in the starting point for fungal nomenclature[2] has made Exidia plana illegitimate, however, leaving Exidia nigricans as the earliest name for the species. Scientific Name: Dacrymyces palmatus. Witch name generator . Smell: Not distinctive. [13] Microscopic examination shows that the Dacrymycetaceae have Y-shaped basidia with two spores, unlike the longitudinally split basidia characteristic of Tremella;[22] additionally, D. chrysospermus is smaller, has a whitish attachment point to its substrate, and grows on conifer wood. Sybil. Valid description was provided by Anders Jahan Retzius in 1769. Clever witches shapeshifted into butterflies and flew around to do their bidding in disguise. Another commonly mentioned possibility is that the name arose from the ancient belief that butterflies (or witches disguised as butterflies) would steal butter if it was left uncovered. When you’re talking about famous witches, Morgan le Fay is possibly the most famous of them all. Some, like Elphaba, fascinate – but seem like a stretch as a child’s given name. It is anywhere from a greenish brown to almost black in colour, and comes in masses up to 30 cm in diameter. The conidiophores are densely branched and normally abundant in the hymenium; young specimens may be entirely conidial. Spores: Ellipsoid to spherical shaped spores. Witch’s Butter. It is said to be based on a folk belief that witches milk cows at night and scatter the butter they create in the process around. Common name: Orange Jelly Fungus. Thanks to Wikimedia for the image. Whether she was precocious or whether this is a result from being a sorcerer-witch hybrid is uncertain. [17], Some Tremella species produce polysaccharides that are of interest to the medical field, because of their biological activity; several patents have been filed in China pertaining to the use of these compounds for cancer prevention or immune system enhancement. In North America, T. mesenterica occurs primarily in lower elevation hardwood forests of southern Canada and the continental United States. [3], Molecular research has shown that Exidia glandulosa and E. nigricans, though similar, are distinct. -----Warnings: = As … Witches' butter is therefore a parasite of a parasite! Phylum: Basidiomycota. [8] It prefers to grow in habitats ranging from mesic to wet. Check out Witches Butter by Tree Ear on Amazon Music. Most fungi don’t have common names, one reason being that there’s so many out there, and a huge chunk haven’t even been described or have a proper scientific name. Tremella quercina Pollini (1816). It is, however, altogether a different species. It is a common, wood-rotting species throughout the northern hemisphere, typically growing on dead attached branches of broadleaf trees. orange jelly, witch's butter. The scientific name is Exidia glandulosa and it is listed either as Black Witches’ Butter or as Black Jelly Roll depending on the reference. The yellow jellylike masses create and disperse spores, which float away to begin more "witches' butter" elsewhere. They contain two to four septa that divide it into compartments; the septa are most frequently diagonal or vertical. Human connections: Fungi can be strikingly beautiful—or breathtakingly strange! It has been much confused with Exidia glandulosa. The surface is usually smooth, the lobes translucent, deep yellow or bright yellow-orange, fading to pale yellow, rarely unpigmented and white or colorless. Tremalla mesenterica. It was subsequently considered a synonym of Exidia glandulosa, until Donk revised species concepts in 1966 and placed it in synonymy with Exidia plana.

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